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        <h1 class="post-card-title">Python操作MySQL数据库之基本的CURD</h1>
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            <h2 id="学习笔记-Python-操作-MySQL-数据库之基本的-CURD"><a href="#学习笔记-Python-操作-MySQL-数据库之基本的-CURD" class="headerlink" title="学习笔记 : Python 操作 MySQL 数据库之基本的 CURD"></a>学习笔记 : Python 操作 MySQL 数据库之基本的 CURD</h2><p><em>🐍 学习完 Python 的基础知识后，当然需要进阶地学习关于 Python 的数据库编程知识啦~ 下面是我写的一个操作 MySQL 数据库的基本增删改查，其对于和我一样初学 Python 的同学来说，非常具有参考与学习价值哟~</em></p>
<ol>
<li><p><em>tb_user : 数据库表结构</em></p>
<figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="keyword">TABLE</span> <span class="string">`tb_user`</span> (</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="string">`id`</span> <span class="built_in">int</span>(<span class="number">11</span>) <span class="keyword">NOT</span> <span class="literal">NULL</span> AUTO_INCREMENT,</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="string">`name`</span> <span class="built_in">varchar</span>(<span class="number">45</span>) <span class="keyword">COLLATE</span> utf8mb4_unicode_ci <span class="keyword">DEFAULT</span> <span class="literal">NULL</span>,</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="string">`sex`</span> <span class="built_in">char</span>(<span class="number">1</span>) <span class="keyword">COLLATE</span> utf8mb4_unicode_ci <span class="keyword">DEFAULT</span> <span class="literal">NULL</span>,</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="string">`phone`</span> <span class="built_in">varchar</span>(<span class="number">45</span>) <span class="keyword">COLLATE</span> utf8mb4_unicode_ci <span class="keyword">DEFAULT</span> <span class="literal">NULL</span>,</span><br><span class="line">  PRIMARY <span class="keyword">KEY</span> (<span class="string">`id`</span>)</span><br><span class="line">) <span class="keyword">ENGINE</span>=<span class="keyword">InnoDB</span> AUTO_INCREMENT=<span class="number">9</span> <span class="keyword">DEFAULT</span> <span class="keyword">CHARSET</span>=utf8mb4 <span class="keyword">COLLATE</span>=utf8mb4_unicode_ci</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>dbconfig.ini : 存储数据库的配置信息</em></p>
<figure class="highlight ini"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="section">[DATABASE_CONFIGURATION_INFOS]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">host</span> = localhost</span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">user</span> = root</span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">password</span> = </span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">database</span> = </span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">charset</span> = utf8</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>Utils.py : 连接数据库的工具类</em></p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">Project name : python-learning</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">Description : A SIMPLE TOOL FOR OPERATING DATABASE</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">Author : 黄宇辉</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">Version : 1.0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">Website : https://yubuntu0109.github.io/</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">Created on 11/12/2019-9:30 PM</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> configparser</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> pymysql</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">DBUtils</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    get the databse configuration infos from the specified file</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    """</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">    @staticmethod</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">getConnConfig</span><span class="params">()</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            configpar = configparser.ConfigParser()</span><br><span class="line">            configpar.read(<span class="string">"dbconfig.ini"</span>, encoding=<span class="string">'utf-8'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">            connConfig_items = dict(configpar.items(<span class="string">'DATABASE_CONFIGURATION_INFOS'</span>))</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">return</span> connConfig_items</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">except</span> FileNotFoundError <span class="keyword">as</span> e:</span><br><span class="line">            print(<span class="string">"CATCH THE EXCEPTION INFO : %s"</span> % e)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    get the database connection object</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    """</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">    @staticmethod</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">getConnection</span><span class="params">()</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">global</span> connection  <span class="comment"># defined a global connection object</span></span><br><span class="line">            connConfig = DBUtils.getConnConfig()  <span class="comment"># get the database configuration infos</span></span><br><span class="line">            connection = pymysql.connect(host=connConfig.get(<span class="string">'host'</span>),</span><br><span class="line">                                         user=connConfig.get(<span class="string">'user'</span>),</span><br><span class="line">                                         password=connConfig.get(<span class="string">'password'</span>),</span><br><span class="line">                                         database=connConfig.get(<span class="string">'database'</span>),</span><br><span class="line">                                         charset=connConfig.get(<span class="string">'charset'</span>))</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">return</span> connection</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">except</span> Exception <span class="keyword">as</span> e:</span><br><span class="line">            print(<span class="string">"FAIL TO CONNECT TO THE DATABASE : %s"</span> % e)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>CURD.py : 操作数据库的测试类</em></p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br><span class="line">86</span><br><span class="line">87</span><br><span class="line">88</span><br><span class="line">89</span><br><span class="line">90</span><br><span class="line">91</span><br><span class="line">92</span><br><span class="line">93</span><br><span class="line">94</span><br><span class="line">95</span><br><span class="line">96</span><br><span class="line">97</span><br><span class="line">98</span><br><span class="line">99</span><br><span class="line">100</span><br><span class="line">101</span><br><span class="line">102</span><br><span class="line">103</span><br><span class="line">104</span><br><span class="line">105</span><br><span class="line">106</span><br><span class="line">107</span><br><span class="line">108</span><br><span class="line">109</span><br><span class="line">110</span><br><span class="line">111</span><br><span class="line">112</span><br><span class="line">113</span><br><span class="line">114</span><br><span class="line">115</span><br><span class="line">116</span><br><span class="line">117</span><br><span class="line">118</span><br><span class="line">119</span><br><span class="line">120</span><br><span class="line">121</span><br><span class="line">122</span><br><span class="line">123</span><br><span class="line">124</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">Project name : python-learning</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">Description : BASIC CURD ON MYSQL DATABASE</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">Author : 黄宇辉</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">Version : 1.0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">Website : https://yubuntu0109.github.io/</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">Created on 11/11/2019-10:08 PM</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> pymysql</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> Utils <span class="keyword">import</span> DBUtils  <span class="comment"># format : from filename import classname</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">CURDTest</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__init__</span><span class="params">(self)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">global</span> connection  <span class="comment"># defined a global variable</span></span><br><span class="line">        connection = DBUtils.getConnection()  <span class="comment"># get the database connection</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    select the specified user info by id</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    """</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">    @classmethod</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">selectById</span><span class="params">(cls, userid)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="comment"># create the cursor object</span></span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">with</span> connection.cursor() <span class="keyword">as</span> cursor:</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment"># defined the sql statement</span></span><br><span class="line">                sql = <span class="string">'SELECT id,name,sex,phone FROM tb_user WHERE id = %s'</span></span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment"># execute the specified sql statement</span></span><br><span class="line">                cursor.execute(sql, [userid])</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment"># get the result</span></span><br><span class="line">                row = cursor.fetchone()</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment"># ouput the result</span></span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">if</span> row <span class="keyword">is</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> <span class="literal">None</span>:</span><br><span class="line">                    print(<span class="string">'ID:&#123;0&#125; - NAME:&#123;1&#125; - SEX:&#123;2&#125; - PHONE:&#123;3&#125;'</span>.format(row[<span class="number">0</span>], row[<span class="number">1</span>], row[<span class="number">2</span>], row[<span class="number">3</span>]))</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line">                    print(<span class="string">"NOT FOUND THE SPECIFIED USER INFO BY ID : %s"</span> % userid)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># catch the exception about database</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">except</span> pymysql.DatabaseError <span class="keyword">as</span> e:</span><br><span class="line">            print(e)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># release the connection resource</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">finally</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            connection.close()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    select all of user infos</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    """</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">    @classmethod</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">selectAll</span><span class="params">(cls)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">with</span> connection.cursor() <span class="keyword">as</span> cursor:</span><br><span class="line">                sql = <span class="string">'SELECT id,name,sex,phone FROM tb_user'</span></span><br><span class="line">                cursor.execute(sql)</span><br><span class="line">                result_set = cursor.fetchall()</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">for</span> row <span class="keyword">in</span> result_set:</span><br><span class="line">                    print(<span class="string">'ID:&#123;0&#125; - NAME:&#123;1&#125; - SEX:&#123;2&#125; - PHONE:&#123;3&#125;'</span>.format(row[<span class="number">0</span>], row[<span class="number">1</span>], row[<span class="number">2</span>], row[<span class="number">3</span>]))</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">except</span> pymysql.DatabaseError <span class="keyword">as</span> e:</span><br><span class="line">            print(e)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">finally</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            connection.close()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    insert the user info</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    """</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">    @classmethod</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">addUser</span><span class="params">(cls, username, sex, telephone)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">with</span> connection.cursor() <span class="keyword">as</span> cursor:</span><br><span class="line">                sql = <span class="string">'INSERT INTO tb_user(name,sex,phone) VALUE (%s,%s,%s)'</span></span><br><span class="line">                affectedcount = cursor.execute(sql, (username, sex, telephone))</span><br><span class="line">                print(<span class="string">'inserted successfully and the affected count : %s'</span> % affectedcount)</span><br><span class="line">                connection.commit()</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">except</span> pymysql.DatabaseError <span class="keyword">as</span> e:</span><br><span class="line">            print(e)</span><br><span class="line">            connection.rollback()</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">finally</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            connection.close()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    update the user info</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    """</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">    @classmethod</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">updateUser</span><span class="params">(cls, username, sex, telephone, userid)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">with</span> connection.cursor() <span class="keyword">as</span> cursor:</span><br><span class="line">                sql = <span class="string">'UPDATE tb_user SET name = %s, sex = %s, phone = %s WHERE id = %s'</span></span><br><span class="line">                affectedcount = cursor.execute(sql, (username, sex, telephone, userid))</span><br><span class="line">                print(<span class="string">'updated successfully and the affected count : %s'</span> % affectedcount)</span><br><span class="line">                connection.commit()</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">except</span> pymysql.DatabaseError <span class="keyword">as</span> e:</span><br><span class="line">            print(e)</span><br><span class="line">            connection.rollback()</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">finally</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            connection.close()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    delete the user info</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    """</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">    @classmethod</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">delUser</span><span class="params">(cls, userid)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">with</span> connection.cursor() <span class="keyword">as</span> cursor:</span><br><span class="line">                sql = <span class="string">'DELETE FROM tb_user WHERE id = %s'</span></span><br><span class="line">                affectedcount = cursor.execute(sql, userid)</span><br><span class="line">                print(<span class="string">"deleted successfully and the affected count : %s"</span> % affectedcount)</span><br><span class="line">                connection.commit()</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">except</span> pymysql.DatabaseError <span class="keyword">as</span> e:</span><br><span class="line">            print(e)</span><br><span class="line">            connection.rollback()</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">finally</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            connection.close()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">test</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line">curd = CURDTest()</span><br><span class="line">curd.selectAll()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># curd.selectById(userid=1)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># curd.addUser(username='addUser', sex='m', telephone='00000000000')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># curd.updateUser(username='updateUser', sex='f', telephone='11111111111', userid=1)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># curd.delUser(userid=1)</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>程序运行结果如下所示( 仅供参考 ) :</em></p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">ID:1 - NAME:黄宇辉 - SEX:男 - PHONE:11111111111</span><br><span class="line">ID:2 - NAME:燕子 - SEX:女 - PHONE:00000000000</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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